Process of coating porous material with asphalt.



* TED SHEEN ARCHIBALD J. -SINCLAIR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO JAMES F. HILL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS COATING POROUS MATERIAL WITH ASPHALT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. July 14, 1908.

Application filed July 1c, 1906. Serial No. 826,408;

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that I, ARGHIBALD J. SIN- CLAIR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Im rovement in Processes for Coating Porous M aterial with Asphalt, of which the following is a specification.

For many pur oses it has long been desired to devise e ective means for causing wear resisting compounds containing ashalt, or other bituminous ingredients to adere to the surface of wood. This has heretofore proved an impossibility owing to the fact that the wood is porous and a considerable quantity of moistureis always retained in the ores, and it is awellknown fact thathy ro-carbons, such as asphalt, cannot be caused to adhere to wood in the presence of moisture. The pores of the wood also contain a considerable quantity of air which adds to the difiiculty of causing the asphalt to penetrate the wood in such a manner as to cause a proper adhesion between the two. Various expedients have been devised to overcome the difficulty. The wood surfaces, for instance, have been first painted or brushed with hot compounds containing coal tar, asphalt, rosin and the like; but such hot liquid mixtures fail to obtain such a hold upon the surface of the wood as to enable them to bind thereto the coating of asphalt containing wear-resisting material subsequently a plied. A solution of bituminous materia s in a volatile solvent have been tried, but it is found that the solvent cannot carry any material proportion of the bituminous material into the pores of the wood to act as an efficient binder.

I have found that the difiiculty ma be overcome by applying to the surface 0 the wood to be coated a bituminous material liquid at the temperatures employed, and-by strongly heating the surface of the wood in the presence of the bituminous material in such a manner that as the air and moisture are expelled from the pores of the wood by the heat their place is taken by the liquid bituminous matter. The bituminous material thus obtains a secure hold upon the wood, the surface of the wood being ractioally penetrated by small filaments 0 bituminous n1aterial. To this reliminary coating of binder or cement the hnal coating of asphalt-con tainng wear resisting material may be ap 1e p In carr ing out my invention I have the floor, roo or other wood surface which it is desired to coat with asphalt in as dry a condition as ossible. When the wood is as dry as ossib e under ordinar atmospheric conditions I take any suitab e bituminous material, such as gilsonite and residuum oil, and heat the same until it is sufficiently fluid to spread freely with a mop, and while it is in this condition I cover t e surface of the wood with a sufficient quantityof the material.

The gilsonite is a well known form of asphalt found in the United States, and the residuum oil is the heavy oil left after the distillation of the lighter constituents of crude. petroleum. While the proportions may vary, I prefer to employ 40 per cent of the gilsonite and per cent of the residuum oil. After the surface has been coated with the heated mixture I strongly heat the surface of the wood in the presence of the mixture. This heating is most conveniently done by means of suitable irons heated to a point just below red heat. These irons strongly heat the surface of the wood and cause the moisture in the pores to pass up ward in the form of steam. This steam, together with the'heated air, also contained in the pores of the wood, passes up in the form of bubbles through the heated mixture covering the surface of the wood. An equivalent portion of the heated .mixture passes into the pores of the wood thereby forming little anchors of such material in the wood. I continue this process over the area to which the bituminous mixture has been applied until the bubbles 'of air and steam cease to arise. The wood is then found to be coated by adhesion with a hinder or cement formed of the bituminous mixture, which may be allowed to cool while other ortions of the surface to be covered may be treated in a similar manner.

When the wood has. been properly'coated, as above described, I repare a wear resisting mixture, one of WYllOll, suitable for the purpose, is commonly called mastic, and in its preferred form ordinarily consists of about 18 per cent of asphalt, about 17 per cent of crushed limestone, and about 65 per cent of good clean sharp hot sand. The

mastic is thoroughly mixed and a plied, in

the manner commonly known in t e art, to

any desired thickness. The application of this heated wear resisting coating is sufficient 5 to "soften the bituminous binder or cement sufficiently to cause the wear resisting coating and'the binder to coalesce. The binder .or cement thus securely holds the coating of mastic to the wood.

In practice I have found that where wood is treated in the manner described it is impossible to peel the coating from the wood except by splitting off the up er surface of the wood and taking it wit the mastic I5 coating.

While various bituminous ingredients.

might be employed, both in the binder and in the surface coating, I prefer to employ in the binder an ingredient similar to the bituminous content of the wear resisting coating to be applied to the wood. For instance I find gilsonite to be a preferable ingredient of the binder or cement, and while any surface coating containing asphalt or other bituminous material may be applied by means of such a binder, I prefer to employ the gilsonite also in the wear resisting coating as I obtainthe best results in this manner.

Wood thus repared is useful for a variety of purposes w ere a waterproof wear resist.- ing surface is desired. I consider it, however, especially useful for the floors of refrigerator and cold storage cars in which the conditions are more than usually hard, the excessive vibration combined with the constant resence of moisture rendering it impossib e to maintain an asphalt surface properly bound to the wood by any ordinapiyhprocess.

. 'le I prefer to use as a binder a mixture of a bituminous material, sohd at ordinary temperatures, and a bituminous oil, liquid at ordinary temperatures, the resulting mixture being also solid at ordinary tempera- 45 tures, I have obtained a measure of success 1 by using gilsonite only as the binder. Other bituminous materials might be employed, the main condition being that they be liquid at the temperatures employed in the process of heating the surface of the wood, as already described. Although ,this process is particularly ada ted for use when wood is the base to which the wear resisting surface is to be app'hed, I desire it to be understood that it may equally as well be applied to any other porous materials of a similar nature to Wood which contain air and moisture in their pores.

What I claim as m invention is:

'1. In a method 0 causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of'wood, the coating of the surface with a binder or cement containing a bituminous material, and the subsequent heat 65 ing of the surface-in the presence of the ooment to cause the ex ulsion of air and moisture from the pores o the wood and their replacement by the cement.

2. In a method-of causing a coatingcontaining a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the' surface of wood, the coating of the surface with a binder or cement containing a bituminous material similar to the bituminous content of.the coatin to be a plied, and the subse uent heating 0 the su ace in the presence o the cement to cause the expulsion of air and moisture from the ores of the wood and their replacement by t e cement.

.3. In a methodlof causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of wood, the coatin of the surface with a binder or cement solid at ordinary temperatures but heated sufliciently to spreadfreely over'the surface, and the subsequent heating of the surface in the presence 35 of the cement to cause the expulsion of air andmoisture from the pores of the wood and their replacement by the cement.

4. In a method of causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of wood, the coating of the surface with a cement or binder comprisin a mixture of residuum oil and asphalt soli at ordinary temperatures, and the subsequent heating of the surface in the presencepf the cement to cause the expulsion of air and moisture from the pores of the wood and. their replacement by the cement.

5. In a method of causing a coating contaming a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of wood, the coating of the surface with a cement or binder comprising a mixture. of residuum oil and gilsonite solid at ordinary temperatures, and the subsequent heating of the surface in the presence of the cement to cause the expulslon of air and moisture from the. pores of the wood and their replacement by the cement.

E. The process of coating wood which consists in a method of causin a coating containing a bituminousingredlent' to adhere to the surface of wood, the. coating of the surface with a binder or cement contalnmg a bituminous material, the subsequent heating of the surface in the presence of the cement to cause the expulsion of air and moisture from the pores and their replacement by the cement, and the subsequent apphcatlonto the binder coated surface of a heated wear V resisting coating containing a bituminous mgredi'ent.

7. i The process of coating wood which consists'fin a method of causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient-to adhere to the surface of wood, the coating of the sur- I face with a binder or cement containing a bituminous material similar to the bituminous content of the-coating to be applied, the subse uent heatingof the surface in the presence o the cement to cause the expulsion of air and moisture from the pores and their replacement by the cement, and the subseuent ap lication to the binder coated surace of a eated wear resisting coating containing a bituminous ingredient.

' 8. The process of coating wood which consists in a method of causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of Wood, the coating of the surface with a cement or binder comprising a mixture of residuumoil and asphalt solid at ordinary temperatures, the subsequent heat-' ing of the surface in the presence of the cement to cause the ex ulsion of air and moisture from the pores of the wood and their replacement by the cement, and the subsequent appjlicationto the binder coated surface of a eated wear resisting coating containin a bituminous ingredient. 20 9. he process of coating wood which consists in a method of causing a coating containing a bituminous ingredient to adhere to the surface of wood, the coating of the Qsurface with a cement or binder comprisin a mixture of residuum oil and gilsonite soli at ordinary temperatures, the subsequent heating of the surface in the presence of the cement to cause the expulsion of air and moisture from the pores of the-wood and their replacementby the cement, and the subsequent application to the binder coated surface of a heated wear resisting coating containing a bituminous ingredient. I

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two Witnesses.

ARCHIBALD J. SINCLAIR. Witnesses:

HENRY RAMSTRON, DWIGHT B. CHEEVER. 

